Bioinformatics: Definitions and explanations page 1 PDF Download
Learn bioinformatics terms with definitions and explanations, bioinformatics terminologies (Page 1) for science degree programs.
- What is Bioinformatics?
Bioinformatics is the combination of three sciences i.e. biology, computer science and mathematics to understand biological ... - What is System Biology?
The biological entities have highly organized, complex and integrated system, and the system of the biological ... - What is Database?
The collection of information is organized in such a way so that it is easy to ... - What is Value?
The value is a unique id or information from which user can easily and rapidly access ... - What is Knowledge Discovery?
Knowledge discovery means to analyze the newly discovered data and extract the useful information from that ... - What is Attribute?
In a relational database, a column contains the data of common characteristics against each row, the ... - What is Homology?
If two sequences either dna, rna or protein are similar to each other, then it is ... - What is Sequence Similarity?
When two sequences are compared, the number of residues (nucleotides in case of dna or rna ... - What is Sequence Identity?
In comparison of two sequences, the number of matched residues are termed as sequence identity. for ... - What is Global Alignment?
Global alignment is to compare two or more sequences of roughly equal size. in global alignment ... - What is Local Alignment?
Local alignment is to compare two or more sequences of different size. in local alignment, local ... - What is Blocks?
If there is no gap in the aligned sequences of less than 60 amino acid residues, ... - What is Sensitivity?
Sensitivity is the criteria to check the accurcy of the algorithm. sensitivity is to predict all ... - What is Specificity and Selectivity?
Specificity is the ability of accurate algorithm to eliminate all the wrong results. the incorrect hits ... - What is Exhaustive Type?
The algorithm that checks all the possible solutions of a specific problem and identifies the most ... - What is Heuristic Type?
The heuristic algorithm did not guarantee to find the best solution. these algorithms are fast and ... - What is E-Value?
The e-value is a probability value that tells a given sequence match is by chance. the ... - What is Masking?
The method used to eliminate the ambigous part of sequence from both the query sequence and ... - What is Position Specific Scoring Matrix?
The position specific scoring matrix (pssm) is a matrix obtained from the probability of multiple aligned ... - What is Markov Chain?
Markov chain is the mathematical model that tells about the transitions from one state to any ... - What is Zero Order Markov Model?
Zero-order markov model is a stochastic model in which the probability of next state does not ... - What is First Order Markov Model?
First-order markov model is a probabilistic model in which the present state of process depends on ... - What is Second Order Markov Model?
Second-order markov model is a probabilistic model in which the probability of next state to occur ... - What is Emission Probability?
In hidden markov model, the probability of sequence of emitted symbols related to each state, known ... - What is Motif?
A motif is a short conserved sequence pattern among different species that perform a similar function. ... - What is Logo?
In bioinformatics, a sequence logo is a graphical representation of conserved sequences predicted from multiple sequence ... - What is Cooperativity?
Cooperativity is a phenomenon in which promoters contain high number of transcription factors binding sites to ... - What is Phylogenetic Footprinting?
Phylogenetic footprinting is a computational approach for identifying functional elements from sequence data from multiple genomes ... - What is Phylogenetics?
Phylogenetics deals with the evolutionary history i.e. the divergence of organisms, common ancestor of species, of ... - What is Node?
In a phylogenetic tree, the starting point of branch at which more than one branches meet ... - What is Root?
The root is an internal node representing the most recent common ancestor of all elements that ... - What is Monophyletic G+C17roup and Clade?
A clade or monophyletic group is a branch of phylogenetic tree which represents the single common ... - What is Lineage?
In a phylogenetic tree, the path of branch that shows the relationship of ancestor and descendant ... - What is Paraphyletic?
Paraphyletic group include those descendents that share multiple ancestors. ... - What is Tree Topology?
The particular branching structure of a tree is known as topology. the tree topology shows the ... - What is Dichotomy?
In a phylogenetic tree, if all the nodes in a tree have two descendent lineages, then ... - What is Multifurcating Node?
In a phylogenetic tree, the internal node that has multiple child, the node is known as ... - What is Polytomy?
Polytomy is defined as the internal node of a cladogram that has more than two immediate ... - What is Radiation?
Radiation is a process in which an organism diversify immediately from an ancestral species into a ... - What is Unrooted Phylogenetic Tree?
An unrooted tree is an evolutionary tree in which root node is absent therefore, unrooted tree ... - What is Rooted Tree?
A rooted tree is a phylogenetic tree in which root represents the common ancestor of all ... - What is Molecular Clock?
The molecular clock is a technique that measures the rate of mutation of biomolecules such that ... - What is Phylogram?
A phylogram is an evolutionary tree in which the branch lengths gives information about the amount ... - What is Homoplasy?
A homoplasy is a shared trait between set of species in separate lineages i.e. that trait ... - What is Posterior Probability?
The posterior probability of a random event is the statistical probability that is assigned in the ... - What is Bootstrapping?
Bootstraping is an approach used for examining the flaws in the sample of evolutionary tree by ... - What is Peptide Bond?
In polypeptide chain or protein, the two amino acids are joined by a covalent bond, the ... - What is Dihedral Angle and Tortional Angle?
Torsion angles are the angle between two bonds. the cα atom forms two bonds around which ... - What is Phi Angle?
The angle of rotation formed between n and cα bond. ... - What is Psi Angle?
The angle of rotation formed between cα and c bond. ... - What is Beta Sheet?
Several β-strands joined together through hydrogen bonding to form extended amphipathic pleated sheets in which side-chains ... - What is Neural Network?
Neural network is a network in which multiple nodes are interlinked with each other to solve ... - What is Positive Inside Rule?
The positively charged residues found on the inside of membrane at the cytosolic side near the ... - What is Homology Modeling and Comparative Modeling?
Homology modeling or comparative modeling is a method for prediction of 3d stucture of the proteins ... - What is Hairpin Loop?
Hairpin loop is a secondary structure formed when single stranded rna or dna formed base pair ... - What is Bulge Loop?
A secondary structure formed in nucleic acid helices when two or more consecutive bases remain unpaired ... - What is Pseudoknot Loop?
The nucleotides inside the hairpin loop base paired with nucleotides outside the hairpin loop, the structure ... - What is Kissing Hairpin?
The kissing hairpin is an rna secondary structure in which one loop residues of hairpin is ... - What is Hairpin Bulge?
The hairpin-bulge loop is an rna secondary structure in which loop residues of hairpin and bulge ... - What is Genome Mapping?
Genome mapping is the method that locates a particular gene and dna markers on a particular ...